Question 16-The goal of the correlational research strategy is to _____.
A-describe mean differences between groups
B-describe mean differences over time
C-examine and describe relationships between variables
D-describe an individual nonhuman subject in great detail
Question 17- For a positive correlation, decreases in X tend to be accompanied by decreases in Y. A-True B-False
Question 18- The general goal of a research study using the descriptive research strategy is to _____.
A-describe an individual person or nonhuman animal in great detail
B-describe a variable or variables as they exist naturally
C-measure and describe the relationship between variables
D-describe and explain the relationship between variables
Question 19
Descriptive research typically involves measuring a variable or set of variables as they exist naturally. A-True B-False
Question 20
A limitation of descriptive studies is that they cannot assess the causal relationship between variables. A-True B-False
Question 21
A researcher is using a technique for behavioral observation to minimize the risk that the participants’ behavior is influenced by reacting to the presence of an observer. The researcher is using habituation. A-True B-False
Question 22
Counting how many times a child exhibits disruptive behavior during a 30-minute observation period is an example of measuring behavior using the duration method. A-True B-False
Question 23
Single-case designs _____.
A-can be used with small groups of participants
B-cannot establish unambiguous causal relationships between variables
C-do not allow for the manipulation of an independent variable
D-have, historically, mostly arisen to evaluate behavioral hypotheses Question 24
The goal of single-case designs is to demonstrate that the manipulation of a treatment is responsible for causing changes in behavior. A-True B-False
Question 25
In a single-case design, the withdrawal of a treatment produces noticeable changes in behavior. A-True B-False
Question 26
Three components help researchers control other variables in a single-case study: baseline measurements, repeated observations, and replication. A-True B-False
Question 27
A single-case experiment depends on demonstrating that behavior changes when the treatment is implemented. A-True B-False
Question 28
Which general category of statistical methods is intended to answer questions about populations by using sample data?
A-Parameters
B-Statistics
C-Descriptive statistics
D-Inferential statistics
Question 29
The goal of descriptive statistics is to simplify, summarize, and organize data. A-True B-False
Question 30
A summary value, usually numerical, that describes a sample is called a parameter. A-True B-False
Question 31
A researcher records the average age for a group of 25 preschool children selected to participate in a research study. The average age is an example of a statistic. A-True B-False
Question 32
The average life expectancy for people who smoke is an example of a parameter. A-True B-False
Question 33
Most journals in psychology follow the writing style established by the _____.
A-American Psychiatric Association
B-American Psychic Association
C-American Psychological Association
D-Association for Psychology
Question 34
One of the basic goals of a research report is to describe what was done to conduct the research. A-True B-False
Question 35
A student’s basic goals when writing a research report should be to describe what was done to conduct the research. A-True B-False
Question 36
A researcher is citing a source in a research report, with the author’s name appearing outside the body of the sentence. The researcher should cite the source as [author(s)’s last name(s), date of publication]. A-True B-False
Question 37
When using direct quotations in an APA-style research report, you must provide the page number if it is available. A-True B-False
Question 38
Every item listed in the references must be cited in the paper. A-True B-False