Nicomachean Ethics 243 – 253:
1. Aristotle distinguishes two kinds of mid-points on p. 244f. What are they and how do they differ? How does this distinction help him to define virtue?
2. What are moral virtues concerned with and what do they involve?
3. Please try to paraphrase this quote from p. 245: “For instance, both fear and confidence and appetite and anger and pity and in general pleasure and pain maybe felt both too much and too little, and in both cases not well; but to feel them when you should, with reference to what you should, towards the people you should, with the end you should have,and how you should—this is what is both mid way and best,and this is characteristic of virtue.”
4. Please think of examples of a person in a particular situation which we can use to illustrate the virtues and vices Aristotle discusses on p. 247 – 250.
5. What is Aristotle’s advice on how we can attain the meaning?
Groundwork 55-62:
1. What are the different branches of philosophy and their subject matter Kant distinguishes on pp. 55f?
2. What does Kant mean by “metaphysics”?
3. Why should ethics not be based on experience?
4. What is the aim of the Groundwork?