Heart and Neck Vessels Worksheet
After completing the reading assignment, write or draw answers in spaces provided and answer the multiple-choice questions.
1. Define the apical (or point of maximal) impulse: describe its normal location, size, and timing.
2. What two abnormal conditions may affect the location of the apical (or point of maximal) impulse?
3. Explain the mechanism producing normal first and second heart sounds.
4. Describe the characteristics of the first and second heart sounds and their intensity at the apex of the heart and at the base.
5. Explain what is occurring during the two phases of the cardiac cycle: diastole and systole
6. List the major risk factors for heart disease and stroke as identified in the text.
7. Define bruit and discuss what it indicates. How is this different from a murmur?
8. State 4 guidelines to distinguish S1 from S2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
9. Discuss the characteristics of an innocent or functional murmur.
Review Questions:
10. The nurse auscultates the pulmonic valve area in which region?
a. Second right interspace
b. Second left interspace
c. Left lower sternal border
d. Fifth interspace, left midclavicular line
11. The nurse is palpating the apical impulse. Which is a normal sized impulse?
a. Less than 1 cm
b. Approximately 1 X 2 cm
c. 3 cm
d. Varies depending on the size of the person
12. When auscultating the heart, what is your first step?
a. Identify S1 and S2
b. Listen for S1 and S2
c. Listen for murmurs
d. Identify all four sounds on the first round
13. Why should the stethoscope bell be pressed lightly against the skin?
a. Chest hair doesn’t simulate crackles
b. High-pitched sounds can be heard better
c. The bell does not act as a diaphragm
d. The bell does not interfere with amplification of heart sounds
14. What is the precordium?
a. A synonym for the mediastinum.
b. The area on the chest where the apical impulse is felt
c. The area on the anterior chest overlying the heart and great vessels
d. A synonym for the area where the superior and inferior venae cava return unoxygenated venous blood to the right side of the heart.
Match column A to column B
| Column A | Column B |
| 15. _____Tough, fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart | a. Pericardial fluid |
| 16. _____ Thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner surface of the heart chambers and valves | b. Ventricle |
| 17. ______ Reservoir for holding blood | c. Endocardium |
| 18. _____ Ensures smooth, friction-free movement of the heart muscle | d. Myocardium |
| 19. _______ Muscular pumping chamber | e. Pericardium |
| 20. ___ ____ Muscular wall of the heart | f. Atrium |
Answer all questions in a word document!
From Jarvis, C. (2016) Physical Examination & Health Assessment Laboratory Manual [Bookshelf Ambassored] Retrieved from h..4@0.00:0.00.
